The new book On the Move by Abrahm Lustgarten is about how people in the United States relocate in response to climate change—including people arriving from the climate-ravaged regions of Central America.
Lustgarten claims subsidies which encourage people to stay in vulnerable places—such as below-market-cost insurance for homes in low-lying coastal areas which are likely to be lost in the next few decades—ultimately do more harm than good. Subsidies mask the problems with climate change until it’s harder and more costly for people to leave, and people who’ve lost the ability to leave perish.
Most climate migrants move to nearby urban areas. For example, many people who lost their homes to the Camp Fire in Paradise moved to the nearly city, Chico. This drove up Chico’s cost of housing and homelessness, but it also increased the size of Chico’s economy.
Some regions in Central America are already losing their farms to climate change and a lack of funds to build irrigation systems, and people who otherwise would starve move to the city, and then some move to Mexico and, eventually, the United States. Lustgarten shares a few stories from these Central Americans. He points out that as the southern United States—the region most negatively affected by climate change—empties, these migrants will come in from places which are even less livable.
His proposed solution? Send aid to allow more of these Central Americans to stay where they are and not migrate, such as by funding irrigation projects so their crops don’t die.
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